In this article, our focus zeroes in on a specific case study: the 1-month at-the-money (ATM) call option linked to Tesla (TSLA), a company that's been a magnet for market enthusiasts. Rewinding the clock to 2017, we're on a mission to uncover a simple yet pivotal question – how profitable was this call option historically? By scrutinizing its performance over a 25-day trading period leading to expiration, we're aiming to not only quantify the profitability but also decipher how frequently and significantly it rewarded traders. Through a systematic examination of three different methods, we're seeking to demystify whether past performance can illuminate a pathway to option strategies.
To conduct the historical backtest on the ATM option, we initially chose the ATM option with a 1-month expiration from the option chain. Subsequently, we performed a historical backtest on this option, generating performance statistics by comparing it with similar options from the past.
TSLA Option Chain Backtest Analysis
Methodology and Historical Perspective
Looking back to 2017, we examined the performance of a 1-month ATM call option on TSLA over a 25-day trading period until expiration using the below 3 different methods of trading.
Method 1: Buy and Hold
The initial method involved buying the ATM call and holding it until expiration. The results were striking: while the option was profitable in just 41.1% of cases by expiration, the average return was a staggering 62.1%. This outcome might seem paradoxical at first glance, as the maximum loss on a call option is theoretically 100%. However, the analysis revealed instances where the call option yielded returns of over 500%, significantly elevating the average return.
Method 2: Initial Delta Hedging
In the second approach, the initial delta of the call was hedged, and the position was held until expiration. This method demonstrated a slightly higher win frequency of 46.2%, but the average return dipped to +14.3%. This intriguing finding implies that despite an increase in the frequency of wins, simply holding the call without mitigating the directional risk often yielded more substantial returns.
Method 3: Delta Neutral Hedging
The final method centered around delta-neutral hedging, which involved adjusting the hedge at the end of each trading day to trade the daily volatility of the stock. Surprisingly, this approach displayed the lowest win rate at 33.7%, and an average loss of -7.8%. The results suggest that the option's implied volatility tended to overestimate the actual daily volatility of the underlying stock.
Conclusion and Insights
The performance of the ATM call option strategy on TSLA revealed a nuanced picture, with outcomes highly dependent on the chosen method. Historically, merely buying the call and waiting yielded higher returns. The substantial gains in percentage terms balanced out the more frequent losses, resulting in noteworthy average profits.
This study underscores the importance of understanding the nuances of different trading strategies. The dynamic interplay between implied and actual volatility, as well as the implications of hedging, unveils valuable insights that traders can leverage to make informed decisions. As the market continues to evolve, historical analyses like these shed light on the potential outcomes of various approaches, empowering traders with the knowledge they need to navigate the complex world of options trading.
Disclaimer: The information presented in this article is intended for educational and informational purposes only. It does not constitute financial advice, trading recommendations, or investment strategies. The analysis and findings are based on historical data and past performance, which may not necessarily predict future outcomes. Trading and investing in financial markets involve inherent risks, and individuals should conduct thorough research, seek professional guidance, and consider their risk tolerance before making any trading or investment decisions. The author and the platform assume no responsibility for any financial losses or decisions made based on the content of this article.
